Clinical Abbreviations — Study Notes

Study notes for the most common clinical abbreviations, grouped by category. Use them as a quick reference, then drill the same set as flashcards or in the games.

Frequency & Time

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
BIDTwice a day (bis in die)
TIDThree times a day (ter in die)
QIDFour times a day (quater in die)
QD / dailyOnce a day (quaque die — write 'daily' to avoid confusion)
QODEvery other day (quaque altera die)
QHEvery hour (quaque hora)
Q4H, Q6H, Q8HEvery 4 / 6 / 8 hours
HSAt bedtime (hora somni)
ACBefore meals (ante cibum)
PCAfter meals (post cibum)
PRNAs needed (pro re nata)
STATImmediately (statim)

Routes of Administration

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
POBy mouth (oral) (per os)
PRPer rectum
SLSublingual (under the tongue)
TOPTopical
INHInhaled
IVIntravenous
IMIntramuscular
SubQ / SCSubcutaneous
IDIntradermal
NPONothing by mouth (nil per os)

Vital Signs & Measurements

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
BPBlood pressure
HRHeart rate
RRRespiratory rate
TTemperature
SpO2Oxygen saturation (pulse oximetry)
VSVital signs
WNLWithin normal limits
I&OIntake and output
BMIBody mass index
wt / htWeight / height

Symptoms & Status

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
SOBShortness of breath
DOEDyspnea on exertion
CPChest pain
N/VNausea and vomiting
LOCLoss of consciousness / level of consciousness
AMSAltered mental status
AAOx3 / AAOx4Awake, alert, and oriented to person/place/time(/situation)
ROMRange of motion
ADLActivities of daily living
DNRDo not resuscitate

Charting & Documentation

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
HxHistory
SxSymptoms
DxDiagnosis
TxTreatment
RxPrescription / therapy
FxFracture
PMHPast medical history
PSHPast surgical history
FHFamily history
SHSocial history
HPIHistory of present illness
ROSReview of systems
PEPhysical exam
A&PAssessment and plan

Imaging & Procedures

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
CXRChest X-ray
CTComputed tomography
MRIMagnetic resonance imaging
USUltrasound
ECG / EKGElectrocardiogram
EEGElectroencephalogram
EGDEsophagogastroduodenoscopy
TTETransthoracic echocardiogram
PFTPulmonary function test
ABGArterial blood gas

Common Lab Tests

Term / AbbreviationMeaning
CBCComplete blood count
BMPBasic metabolic panel
CMPComprehensive metabolic panel
LFTLiver function tests
TSHThyroid stimulating hormone
BUNBlood urea nitrogen
CrCreatinine
INRInternational normalized ratio (clotting)
HbA1cHemoglobin A1c (3-month average glucose)
UAUrinalysis

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