Medical Terminology Glossary

A free medical terminology glossary covering the core building blocks of clinical language: prefixes, roots, and suffixes, each with a plain-English meaning and example.

Common prefixes

PrefixMeaningExample
a-, an-without, absence ofapnea, anemia
brady-slowbradycardia
tachy-fast, rapidtachycardia
dys-difficult, abnormal, painfuldyspnea, dysphagia
hyper-excessive, above normalhypertension
hypo-below normal, deficienthypoglycemia
endo-within, innerendocarditis
peri-around, surroundingpericarditis
epi-upon, aboveepidermis
inter-betweenintercostal
intra-withinintravenous
sub-under, belowsubcutaneous

Common roots

RootMeaningExamples
cardi(o)-heartcardiomegaly, carditis
angi(o)-vessel, ductangioplasty, angiography
thromb(o)-clotthrombosis, thrombocytopenia
hem(o)-, hemat(o)-bloodhematoma, hemolysis
encephal(o)-brainencephalopathy, encephalitis
neur(o)-nerveneuropathy, neuralgia
my(o)-musclemyopathy, myocardial
arthr(o)-jointarthralgia, arthritis
oste(o)-boneosteoporosis, osteonecrosis
hepat(o)-liverhepatitis, hepatomegaly
gastr(o)-stomachgastroparesis, gastritis
enter(o)-intestineenteritis, enterocolitis
col(o)-, colon(o)-coloncolitis, colonoscopy
nephr(o)-kidneynephritis, nephrology

Common suffixes

SuffixMeaningExample
-algiapainarthralgia, neuralgia
-ectomysurgical removalappendectomy, cholecystectomy
-emiablood conditionanemia, hyperglycemia
-genesisorigin, productiononcogenesis, hematopoiesis
-gramrecord, imageelectrocardiogram, mammogram
-graphyprocess of recordingechocardiography, angiography
-itisinflammationappendicitis, hepatitis
-logystudy ofcardiology, neurology
-lysisbreakdown, destructionhemolysis, fibrinolysis
-megalyenlargementhepatomegaly, splenomegaly
-omatumor, massmelanoma, carcinoma
-osiscondition, abnormal processthrombosis, fibrosis
-pathydisease, disorderneuropathy, cardiomyopathy
-peniadeficiency, decreasethrombocytopenia, leukopenia

Explore More Medical Terminology

Frequently Asked Questions

How is this glossary organized?

Terms are grouped by morpheme type — prefixes, roots, and suffixes — and within each group, alphabetically. This mirrors how clinical vocabulary is built, so you can decode unfamiliar terms by recognizing their parts.

How many terms does the medical terminology glossary cover?

The glossary covers the highest-frequency prefixes, roots, and suffixes used across general medicine, nursing, and most specialties — enough to decode the vast majority of clinical vocabulary you'll encounter in practice.

Is this glossary suitable for nursing students?

Yes. Every prefix, root, and suffix used in nursing assessment, charting, medication names, and clinical communication is included.

Can I use the glossary for free?

Yes, the full glossary is free with no signup required. Bookmark it as a reference while you study, work, or play the games.

What's the difference between this glossary and the games?

The glossary is a reference — quick lookups when you need a definition. The games build active recall and fluency. Most learners use both: glossary for lookup, games for retention.